Windows Blue Screen (BSOD) – Finding and Fixing the Cause
A blue screen (Blue Screen of Death) occurs when Windows cannot recover from a critical error – common causes include faulty drivers, defective RAM, or overheating. Note or photograph the error code (e.g. 'IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL') displayed on the blue screen and search for it online for specific guidance. Restart the PC and install all pending updates via Windows key > Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update, as these often fix faulty drivers. Uninstall any recently installed programs or drivers that coincide with the start of the problem via Settings > Apps. If the blue screen occurs repeatedly, test your RAM using the free built-in tool 'Windows Memory Diagnostic' (press the Windows key and search for it). For persistent issues or suspected hardware faults, have a professional inspect the PC.